What is a Sailboat?

A sailboat (also called a barco de vela or velero [masculine, singular]) is a boat that uses its sails to move through water. Some sailboats are used for long-distance cruising to explore the world and some are used for competition or an afternoon of fun on a lake. There are many subgroups of sailors and a strong culture within each segment.

The notion of ditching a job and house, buying a little boat, and sailing to the tropics or across an ocean—or even around the world—is a dream that many people have. Some actually follow through on this fantasy and are successful in their endeavors, but it takes a lot of planning to be able to make it happen.

If you are considering a sailboat as your ticket to a life of adventure, be sure to plan carefully and strategize your goals. It is not unusual to start with a boat that’s not well-suited to your biggest sailing goal, but there is nothing wrong with this as long as you fully understand and intend before signing on the dotted line that this will be your “stepping stone” boat.

Sailboats can be classified by the number of hulls and their shape. Sailboats with one hull are called monohulls and those with two are called catamarans. The shape of a sailboat’s hull and rigging can greatly impact its performance, comfort and safety. For example, a rough surface on the hull can create turbulence in the flow of air over the sails, which reduces their lift and increases their drag. Conversely, a smooth hull surface will allow the flow of air over the sails to pass easily and generate maximum lift.