A sailboat is a vessel propelled partly or entirely by sails. The term may be used to distinguish various types of boats, depending on size, hull configuration, keel type, purpose, number and configuration of masts, and sail plan.
A sloop is a sailboat with a single main mast and one or more jibs. Most modern sailboats use a sloop rig, which is easy to identify because it consists of a bermudagrass mainsail and a jib that is a triangular-shaped headsail.
The rudder is a mechanical device that directs the ship forward. A rudder is generally installed on the stern of the boat, where it can be seen on most vessels.
There are three basic types of sailboat hulls: displacement hulls, flat-bottomed planing hulls, and v-shaped planning hulls. Displacement hulls are designed to displace water as the boat moves, while planing hulls are designed to lift and glide on top of the surface of the water.
Hulls are usually constructed of wood, although some have been made of galvanized steel or aluminum. The hull of a sailing boat typically has a central keel that is deep enough to support the weight of the keel, rigging, and the vessel itself.
The bottom of the keel is usually shallower than the keel at its tip and may contain a fin or bulb, which improves righting moment without adding too much weight to the bottom of the keel. Wing keels are also used on some sailing boats to reduce the draft of the craft, which can help it access shallow or shoal water.
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